The lower edge of a sloping roof that part of a roof which projects beyond the wall.
E
Eave Height
The vertical dimension from finished grade to the eave.
Eave Trough
See Gutter
ECH
Polyepichlorohydrin, commonly referred to as epichlorohydrin. (see Epichlorohydrin.)
Edge Stripping
Membrane flashing strips cut to specific widths used to seal/flash perimeter edge metal and the roof membrane application of felt strips cut to narrower widths than the normal felt-roll width to cover a joint between metal perimeter flashing and built-up roofing.
Edge Venting
The practice of providing regularly spaced or continuously protected (e.g., louvered) openings along a roof edge or perimeter, used as part of a ventilation system to dissipate heat and moisture vapor.
Efflorescence
An encrustation of soluble salts, commonly white, deposited on the surface of stone, brick, plaster, or mortar; usually caused by free alkalies leached from mortar or adjacent concrete as moisture moves through it.
EIP
Ethylene interpolymer
Elasticity
The property of a body that causes it to tend to return to its original shape after deformation (as stretching, compression or torsion).
Elastomer
A macromolecular material that returns rapidly to its approximate initial dimensions and shape after substantial deformation by a weak stress and subsequent release of that stress.
Elastomeric Coating
A coating that is capable of being stretched at least twice its original length (100 percent elongation) and recovering to its original dimensions.
Elongation
The ratio of the extension of a material to the length of the material prior to stretching.
Embedment
(1) the process of pressing/positioning a felt, aggregate, fabric, mat, or panel into hot bitumen or adhesive to ensure intimate contact at all points; (2) the process of pressing/positioning granules into coating in the manufacture of factory-prepared roofing, such as shingles.
Embrittlement
The loss of flexibility or elasticity of a material.
Emulsion
A mixture of bitumen and water, with uniform dispersion of the bitumen or water globules, usually stabilized by an emulsifying agent or system.
End Lap
The distance of overlap where one ply, pane, or piece extends beyond the end of the immediately adjacent underlying ply, panel, or piece.
Envelope
A continuous membrane edge seal formed at the perimeter and at penetrations by folding the base sheet or ply over the plies above and securing it to the top of the membrane. The envelope prevents bitumen seepage from the edge of the membrane.
EPDM
Ethylene propylene diene monomer (see also Ethylene propylene diene terpolymer.)
Epichlorohydrin (ECH)
A synthetic rubber including two epichlorohydrin based elastomers. It is similar to and compatible with EPDM.
Epoxy
A class of synthetic, thermosetting resins that produce tough, hard, chemical-resistant coatings and adhesives.
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC)
(1) the moisture content of a material stabilized at a given temperature and relative humidity, expressed as percent moisture by weight.
Equiviscous Temperature (EVT)
The temperature at which a bitumen attains the proper viscosity for built-up membrane application.
Equiviscous Temperature (EVT) Application Range
The recommended bitumen application temperature range. The range is approximately 25° F (14° C) above or below the EVT, thus giving a range of approximately 50° F (28° C). The EVT range temperature is measured in the mop cart or mechanical spreader just prior to application of the bitumen to the substrate.
For Asphalt
- Mop Application: the temperature at which the asphalt’s apparent viscosity is 125 centipoise (0.125 Pa·s).
- Mechanical Spreader Application: the temperature at which the asphalt’s apparent viscosity is 75 centipoise (0.075 Pa·s).
Note: In order to avoid the use of two kettles if there are simultaneous mop and mechanical spreader applications, the EVT for mechanical spreader application can be used for both application techniques.
For Coal Tar
- the recommended EVT for roofing coal tar (ASTM D 450, Type I or III) is the temperature at which the coal tar’s apparent viscosity is 25 centipoise (0.025 Pa·s).
Ethylene Interpolymers (EIP)
A group of thermoplastic compounds generally based on PVC polymers from which certain single-ply roofing membranes can be formulated.
Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer
Designated nomenclature of ASTM for a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene and diene. EPDM material is a thermosetting synthetic elastomer.
Exhaust Ventilation
Air that is vented or exhausted from the roof cavity, typically through vents installed on the up slope portion of the roof. For example, with most steep-slope roof assemblies, exhaust vents are typically located at or near the ridge.
Exotherm
Heat generated by a chemical reaction.
Expansion Cleat
A cleat designed to accommodate thermal movement of metal roof panels.
Expansion Joint
A structural separation between two building elements that allows free movement between the elements without damage to the roofing or waterproofing system.
Exposed Nail Method
A method of asphalt roll roofing application in which all nails are driven into the adhered, overlapping course of roofing. Nails are exposed to the weather.
Exposure
(1) the traverse dimension of a roofing element or component not overlapped by an adjacent element or component in a roof covering. For example, the exposure of any ply in a built-up roof membrane may be computed by dividing the felt width, minus 2 inches (51 mm), by the number of shingled plies; thus, the exposure of 36 inch (914 mm) wide felt in a shingled, four-ply membrane should be approximately 8½ inches (216 mm) (See Figure 8); (2) the dimension of sidewall or roofing covering that is not covered or overlapped by the up slope course of component. The typical exposure for a standard-sized, three-tab shingle is 5 inches (127 mm), depending on manufacturer specifications.
Extrusion
A process in which heated or unheated material is forced through a shaping orifice (a die) in one continuously formed shape, as in film, sheet, rod or tubing.
Eyebrow
A dormer, usually of small size, whose roof line over the upright face is typically an arched curve, turning into a reverse curve to meet the horizontal at either end. Also, a small shed roof projecting from the gable end of the larger, main roof area.